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About Data Acquisition Systems
Data acquisition systems (DAQs) gather information
from one or more signal inputs or sensor sources and convert this information
into a digital form for further analysis. These data acquisition systems
are a means for monitoring and regulating manufacturing processes and
systems. Data acquisition systems, alternately known as data
loggers, are typically made to measure light, humidity, temperature,
voltage, pressure, acceleration, rotation, strain and other similar events.
Many data acquisition systems are compact and battery-powered for ease
of use and storage. Numerous variations of instrumentation and modular
systems are available from data acquisition system manufacturers. These
data acquisition systems can be simple or complex, depending on the need.
Data acquisition system manufacturers create systems that consist of three main
components. First, sensors respond to physical stimulation by transmitting signals
or altering electrical properties like resistance. Data loggers then take the
signal and convert it into a number—by a process called digitizing—and
store the value or change it into a statistic. The final component of data acquisition
systems is a type of computer that communicates with the data logger to collect
what information has been measured. The data that is displayed on the computer
is only as good as the sensor’s ability to measure conditions and the data
logger’s ability to resolve the measurements.
Data acquisition systems can be used for all kinds of applications in field studies,
troubleshooting and research. Along with monitoring and making appropriate adjustments
for processes, manufacturers can test all types of technical products using data
acquisition systems. Other applications include safety warnings and data gathering
for research projects. Data acquisition systems monitor environmental conditions
for various purposes, such as regulating temperature, and weather stations frequently
use these systems to monitor meteorological conditions. Sensitive environments,
like museums that need to stay at a constant temperature to preserve artifacts,
benefit from data acquisition systems that measure factors like temperature and
humidity. Among the many industries and fields that use data acquisition systems
are aerospace, material handling, gas and oil processing, defense and military,
mining, electrical, water treatment and disposal, pulp and paper, medical, amusement
parks, chemical processing, laboratory equipment and shipbuilding.
It is important to keep certain factors in mind when looking for data acquisition
systems and equipment. The accuracy of the system depends on the quality of the
following: differential analog input channels, digital I/O channels, sampling
frequency, resolution and accuracy. Other important factors are the transducers,
ease of use and the quality of excitation. Many of these data acquisition systems
are available with specialized features as well, ranging from waterproof for
underwater operations to sizes smaller than a credit card. There are variations
in the way the information is handled, for some will print out the data and others
will transmit the measurements directly to a computer. Data acquisition system
manufacturers, as a general rule, design very durable and either fixed or mobile
systems, depending on the specific need.
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http://www.cotsjournalonline.com/home/article.php?id=100117
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Types of Data Acquisition Systems
- is the process in which electric signals from various devices are converted into a digital form that can be analyzed.
- are acquisition systems that store information from various devices.
- receive and analyze information.
- enables computers to recognize and process signals received from monitoring devices.
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need a computer to operate. These devices are programmable and allow
the user to choose the different interval readings.
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are stand-alone instruments that do not require computer operation and
print the measurements directly on a chart.
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(http://www.pressure-transducers.net)
are used to measure and record the pressure of a particular environment.
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are a specific kind of data logger that record temperature and sometimes
humidity. Many of these devices are highly compact and can monitor conditions
inside packages; they also monitor the temperatures of facilities that
require regulated environments.
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are very small and remote-controlled, and scan data by lasers. These
models are the latest technology in data acquisition systems.
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